Holloman
The Holloman soil (Loamy, gypsic, thermic shallow Typic Torriorthents) is used primarily for rangeland. The shallow soil profiles terminate with high levels of calcium carbonate. This soil series is typically shallow and very shallow and are found on basins, valley floors or adjacent terraces. The seven soil profiles are from far west Texas.
 

Holloman 1  
Location:
Longfellow ranch, Culberson County, TX. 40 miles north of Van Horn, thence east through cattle guard 500 yards on ranch road, thence 75 yards south. Latitude 31o 37’N, Longitude 104o5’W. (Jaynes, 1977)
Site:
Bolson.
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsiferous fan alluvium
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A1
0-8
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; mixed weak platy and weak subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; common roots; clear smooth boundary
B2
8-23
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) silty clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; mixed weak subangular blocky and weak granular, soft, very friable; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
Ccs
23-46+
White (10YR 8/2) clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/3) moist; massive; weakly cemented; very few roots

Holloman 2  
Location:
Longfellow ranch, Culberson County, TX. 40 miles north of Van Horn, thence through cattle guard 3 miles past on ranch road, thence 2.5 miles south, thence 90 yards southeast. Latitude 31o 35’N, Longitude 104o48’W. (Jaynes, 1977)
Site:
Bolson
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsiferous alluvium
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A11
0-3
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate platy; slightly hard, friable; common roots; clear smooth boundary
A122
3-7
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate subangular blocky; hard, friable; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cs
7-21
White (10YR 8/2) clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 8/3) moist; massive; moderately cemented; few roots; gradual wavy boundary
C2cs
21-46+
White (10YR 8/2) clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; hard; very few roots

Holloman 3    
Location:
Ward County, TX abandoned air base 2 miles south of Pyote, thence 300 yards west of northern end of west runway which lies northeast to southwest. Latitude 31o32’N, Longitude 103o7’W. (Jaynes, 1977)
Site:
Upland flat
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsiferous sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A1
0-7
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate platy; soft, very friable; many roots; clear smooth boundary
B2
7-18
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) moist; moderate subangular blocky; slightly hard, friable; many roots; clear wavy boundary
C1cs
18-38
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) silt loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable; common roots; gradual wavy boundary
C2cs
38-48+
White (10YR 8/2) clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; slightly hard, friable; few roots

Holloman 4    
Location:
Ward County, TX 100 yards south of site Holloman 7. Latitude 31o31’N, Longitude 103o7’W. (Jaynes, 1977)
Site:
Upland flat
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsiferous sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)  
A1
0-6
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; moderate platy, slightly hard, friable; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cs
6-30
White (10YR 8/2) sandy clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; weakly cemented, firm; very few; gradual wavy boundary 
C2cs
30-46+
White (10YR 8/2) sandy clay loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; soft, very friable; very few roots

Holloman 5  
Location:
Reeves County, TX 0.5 miles northwest on Farm Road 2903 from intersection of Farm Road 2903 and IH 20 in Toyah, thence 1 mile west, thence 8.25 miles north on improved ranch roads to intersection with another ranch road, thence 4.05 miles northwest on ranch road, thence 78 yards north. Latitude 31o29’N, Longitude 103o50’W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Alluvial plain
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Limy basin fill sediments and gypsite
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A1
0-10
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) heavy silt loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; mixed weak platy and weak subangular blocky; friable; few roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cs
10-33
White (10YR 8/1) very pale brown (10YR 8/3) moist; massive; weak to strongly cemented; few roots; diffuse boundary
C2cs
33-71
C2cs White (10YR 8/2), very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; weak to moderately cemented; no roots; diffuse boundary
C3
71-99+
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) brownish yellow (10YR 6/6) moist; massive; no roots

Holloman 6  
Location:
Reeves County, TX 0.9 miles southeast on improved ranch road from Holloman 9, thence 205 yards north. Latitude 31o 49’N, Longitude 104o 1’W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Alluvial plain
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Limy basin fill sediments and gypsite
Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A11
0-5
Light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak platy; friable; few roots; clear smooth boundary
A12
5-13
Light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) silty clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; few roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cssa
13-30
White (10YR 7/4) very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; friable; no roots; clear wavy boundary
C2cssa
30-38
Pink (7.5YR 8/4) light brown (7.5YR 6/4) moist; massive; firm; no roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C3cssa
38-127
White (10YR 8/2), very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; moderately cemented; no roots

Holloman 7    
Location:
Amarex Oil Company Property, Culberson County, TX 0.6 miles west of the Guadalupe Peak pump station to the intersection of US highway 62 and 180 and the old Van Horn highway, thence 0.2 miles east, thence 7.1 miles south on unpaved road, thence 250 yards west across range land. Latitude 31o36’N, Longitude 104o48’W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Lower piedmont slope
Slope:
1 to 3%
Parent Material:
Alluvium from limestone mountains
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 
A1
0-9
Yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) sandy clay loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; mixed weak platy and subangular blocky; soft, very friable; calcareous; few roots; clear smooth boundary
B2casa
9-20
Light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) clay loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak subangular blocky and weak granular; slightly hard, very friable; calcareous; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
Ccssa
20-38+
White (10YR 8/2) clay loam, white (10YR 8/2) moist; massive; very hard; firm; calcareous; very few roots


Lozier
The Lozier soil is a mountain upland found in the Guadalupes of Texas. Latitude 31o 49’N, Longitude 104o 54’W. A soil profile description for the Lozier soil (loamy-skeletal, carbonatic, thermic, Lithic Calciorthid) from (Wilkey, 1979) is as follows:
 


Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
 

A
0-11
Dark brown (10YR 4/3) gravely loam; weak platy and weak subangular blocky; slightly hard, firm; many fine roots; few small limestone fragments; violently calcareous; clear smooth boundary
Bk1
11-32
Dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) very cobbly loam; weak granular; soft, friable; many fine roots; limestone cobbles comprise 50% by volume; violently calcareous; clear wavy boundary
Bk2
32-56
Yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravely loam; weak subangular blocky; soft, firm; common fine and medium roots; limestone fragments comprise 50% by volume; violently calcareous; clear wavy boundary
Bk3
56-65
Yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) very gravely loam; rock controlled; soft; friable; few fine and medium roots; limestone fragments larger than in upper horizons; violently calcareous; clear irregular boundary
Rk
65+
Fragmented limestone bedrock; violently calcareous

Soil physical and chemical properties for this soil are as follows (Wilkey, 1979):
 

Property
A
Bk1
Bk2
Bk3

Percent Sand
51.2
38.5
38.9
43.8
Percent Silt
36.0
40.4
42.0
39.9
Percent Clay
12.8
21.1
19.9
16.3
pH
8.2
7.9
7.8
7.9
Percent Water@Saturation
29.7
32.4
29.2
41.9
EC (dS/m)
0.9
1.0
1.4
1.4
Percent Water@-0.033MPa
23.4
24.6
27.9
24.8
Percent Water@-.3MPa
11.6
12.3
12.2
15.4
Percent Water@-1.5MPa
9.6
10.3
14.0
12.4

We have no water infiltration or redistribution data on this particular soil. The water contents as a function of potential were from pressure membrane apparatus data in the lab. Nkalai and Zartman (1985) report that noncalcareous soils have higher hydraulic conductivities than calcareous soils at the same water content. In situ soil water release curves indicated that calcareous soil have more water than noncalcareous soil at the same soil water potential in paired horizons.



Orla
The Orla (Fine-loamy, gypsic, thermic Typic Hallogypsids) soils are formed from lacustrine or alluvial deposits. This series is shallow, well drained, moderately permeable. The soils are located on level to gently sloping plains or depressional areas. The following three profiles are from Sexton (1975).
 


Orla 1
Location:
Hudspeth County, TX. 4.35 miles west on US 62 and US 180 from El Paso Natural Gas Compressor Station entrance, thence 320 yards north on improved road through cattle guard, thence 45 yards east. Latitude 31 o 40'N, Longitude 104 o 58'W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Leeward side of dune in intermontane saline basin
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsite; lacustrine-eolian sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth(cm)
A1
0-15
Very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; common roots; clear smooth boundary
B2
15-33
Very pale brown (10YR 8/3) fine sandy loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; few roots; gradual smooth boundary
B3
33-64
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; very weak subangular blocky; friable; many fine segregations of gypsum, and CaCO 3 or both; few roots; gradual smooth boundary
C1
64-81
Very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive, friable; no roots; clear wavy boundary
C2cs
64-104
Coarsely crystalline gypsite; friable
C3cs
104-122+
Finely crystalline gypsite; friable

Orla 2
Location:
Hudspeth County, TX 0.15 miles north from Orla 1. Latitude 31 o 41'N, Longitude 104 o 90'W. (Sexton, 1975).
Site:
Intermontane saline basin
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Lacustrine-eolian sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
A11
0-10
White (10YR 8/2) fine sandy loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; very friable; few roots; clear wavy boundary
A12
10-15
White (10YR 8/2) loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
B2
15-25
Pink (7.5YR 8/4) loam, reddish yellow (7/5YR 6/6) moist; weak subangular blocky; common roots; clear wavy boundary
B3
25-46
Very pale brown (10YR 8/3) loam, very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; few fine roots; gradual wavy boundary
C1
46-71
White (10YR 8/1) sandy clay loam, white (10YR 8/2) moist; massive; moderately cemented; no roots; gradual wavy boundary
C2
71-84+
Massive; strongly cemented; no roots

Orla 3
Location:
Reeves County, TX 0.5 miles northwest on Farm Road 2903 from the intersection of Farm Road 2903 and IH 20 in Toyah, thence 1 mile west, thence 8.25 miles north on improved ranch roads to intersection with another ranch road thence 1 mile northwest on ranch road, thence 120 yards south. Latitude 31 o 20'N, Longitude 103 o 53'W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Alluvial plain
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Gypsite
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
A1
0-3
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak platy; friable; common roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cssa 
3-33
Pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) pink (7.5YR 8/4) moist; massive; friable; common roots; clearwavy boundary
C2cssa
33+
White (10YR 8/2), very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; moderately cemented; very few roots


Reeves
The Reeves (Fine-loamy, gypsic, thermic Calcic Gypsiorthids) soils are formed in calcareous and gypsiferous fine textured alluvium derived from gypsum beds. This series has very deep, well drained moderately permeable soils. The soils are located on hillslopes, plateaus, and basin floors.
 


Reeves 1
Location:
Longfellow ranch, Culberson County, TX 40 miles north of Van Horn, thence through cattle guard 3 miles east on ranch road, thence 4.3 miles south 225 yards east thence 75 yards north thence. Latitude 31o 33' N, Longitude 104o 47' W.(Jaynes, 1977)
Site:
Stable dune within bolson
Slope:
1 to 3%
Parent Material:
Gypsiferous eolian sediment
Soil Horizon
Depth(cm)
A11
0-5
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate platy; slightly hard friable; many roots; clear smooth boundary
A12
5-13
Light brownish gray (10YR 6/2) silty clay loam, dark grayish brown (10YR 4/2) moist; weak subangular blocky; hard, friable; many roots; clear smooth boundary
B2
13-36
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate subangular blocky; hard, friable; many roots; clear wavy boundary
B3
36-55
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) clay loam, brown (10YR 5/3) moist; moderate subangular blocky; hard, friable; many roots; clear wavy boundary
C1cs
55-67+
Light gray (10YR 7/2) sandy clay loam, light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) moist; massive; hard, few roots

Reeves 2
Location:
Reeves County, TX 0.5 miles northwest on Farm Road 2903 from intersection of Farm Road 2903 and IH 20 in Toyah, thence 1 mile west thence 1.85 miles southeast on improved ranch road to intersection with another ranch road, thence 0.7 miles north, thence 137 yards east. Latitude 31o 19' N, Longitude 103o 47' W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Alluvial plain
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Limy basin fill sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth(cm)
A11
0-8
Silt loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; weak platy; friable; many roots; clear smooth boundary
A12
8-20
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam, dark yellowish brown (10YR 4/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; common roots; gradual smooth boundary
B2ca
20-48
Light brown (7.5YR 6/4) silt loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5.6) moist; moderate subangular blocky; friable; common roots; gradual smooth boundary
B3ca
48-58
Pink (7.5YR 7/4) silty clay loam, strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) weak subangular blocky; friable; few roots; abrupt wavy boundary
C1cs
58-168
Very pale brown (10YR 8/3), very pale brown (10YR 7/4) moist; massive; moderately cemented
C2cs
168-183+


Upton
The Upton (Loamy, carbonatic, thermic, shallow Ustollic Paleorthids) soils are formed in calcareous loamy materials. This series has shallow to very shallow soils that are well drained and moderately permeable. The soils are located on nearly level to rolling uplands.
 

Upton 1 (native range)
Location:
University of Texas property 24.2 km east of Van Horn, TX or US highway 80, thence 1.4 km south on dirt road thence 0.6 km west on farm utility road. Latitude 31 o 2'N, Longitude 104 o 21'W. (Challa, 1987)
Slope:
5 to 7%
Parent Material:
Fan alluvium
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
A1
0-5
Brown (7.5YR 5/4)* loam; weak platy structure; slightly hard; common fine and medium roots; clear smooth boundary
A2
5-16
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) loam; weak subangular blocky structure; slightly hard; common fine and medium roots; clear smooth boundary
Bk
16-34
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) sandy loam; weak subangular blocky structure; slightly hard; common fine and medium roots; clear wavy boundary
Bkm
34-67
Pinkish gray (7.5YR 7/2) massive; indurated; common fine roots in the upper half of the horizon; clear wavy boundary
BC1
67-100
Light brown (7.5YR 6/4) gravelly clay loam; depending upon the place in the pit texture varies from gravelly clay loam to extremely gravelly clay loam; weak subangular blocky structure; very slightly hard; few fine roots; clear loamy boundary
BC2
100-122
Light brown (7.5YR 6/4) gravelly clay loam; weak subangular blocky structure; slightly hard; few fine roots; clear wavy boundary
BC3
122-134
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) very gravelly clay loam; weak subangular blocky structure; very hard; clear wavy boundary
BC4
134+
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) clay loam; weak subangular blocky structure; very hard

Upton 2 (irrigated)
Location:
Approximately 75 meters south of Upton 1 (native range). Latitude 31 o 1'N, Longitude 104 o 21'W. (Challa, 1987)
Slope:
5 to 7%
Parent Material:
Fan alluvium
Soil Horizon
Depth(cm)
Ap1
0-15
Brown (7.5YR 5/4)* gravelly loam; weak subangular blocky structure; very friable (moist); common fine and medium roots; clear wavy boundary
Ap2
15-32
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) gravelly loam; weak subangular blocky structure; very friable (moist); common fine and medium roots, abrupt wavy boundary
Bk/Bkm
32-48
Pinkish white (7.5YR 8/2) to very pale brown (10YR 7/3) of the laminae; massive; slightly indurated; some parts of the laminar Bkm remain intact; other parts have been broken and mixed; Bkm laminae has 1 cm thickness; few roots in less gravelly pocket; gradual wavy boundary
Bk1
48-80
Pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) very gravelly clay loam; massive; weakly cemented; few fine roots; clear wavy boundary
Bk2
80-96
Pinkish gray (7.5YR 6/2) very gravelly clay loam; slightly massive; weakly cemented; few fine roots; clear wavy boundary
C1
96-119
Brown (7.5YR 5/4) very gravelly sandy loam; massive; loose; few fine roots; clear wavy boundary
C2
119+
Strong brown (7.5YR 4/6) very gravelly loam; massive; loose


*All colors are for moist soil.


Verhalen
The Verhalen (Fine, smetitic, thermic, Chromic Haplotorrerts) soils are formed in calcareous clayey alluvium. This series has very deep, moderately well drained very slowly permeable soils. The soils are located on nearly level to gently sloping uplands and valleys.
 


Location:
Hudspeth County, TX. Latitude 31.292900o N, Longitude 105.374100o W. (Casby-Horton, 1997)
Soil Horizon
Depth(cm)
A1
0-13
Pale brown (10YR6/3) clay, brown (10YR4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many fine roots; strongly effervescent; clear smooth boundary
A2
13-30
Pale brown (10YR6/3) clay, brown (10YR4/3) moist; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many fine roots; strongly effervescent; gradual wavy boundary
Bss
30-70
Brown (7.5YR5/3) clay, brown (7.5YR4/3) moist; moderate medium blocky structure; common fine roots; common intersecting slickensides; strongly effervescent; gradual wavy boundary
Bkss1
70-105
Brown (7.5YR5/3) clay, brown (7.5YR4/3) moist; weak medium blocky structure; few fine roots; common intersecting slickensides; violently effervescent; few small medium, soft masses of CaCO3 , about 4% by volume; gradual wavy boundary
Bkss2
105-132
Brown (7.5YR5/3) clay, brown (7.5YR4/3) moist; weak medium blocky structure; few fine roots; few intersecting slickensides; violently effervescent; few small medium, soft masses of CaCO3 , about 10% by volume; gradual wavy boundary
Bk
132-155
Brown (7.5YR5/4) clay, brown (7.5YR4/4) moist; structureless; massive; violently effervescent; few small and medium, soft masses of CaCO3 , about 5% by volume


 


Wink
The Wink (Coarse-loamy, mixed thermic, thermic Typic Calciorthids) soils are formed in calcareous loamy, eolian or alluvium sediments. This series has very deep, well drained moderately rapid permeable soils. The soils are located on nearly level to moderately sloping uplands.


Location:
Hudspeth County, TX 1.45 miles east on unimproved ranch road from site 2, thence 220 yards north of fence Latitude 31o 72' N, Longitude 105o 12' W. (Sexton, 1975)
Site:
Mantled piedmont slope
Slope:
0 to 1%
Parent Material:
Mixed eolian and limy alluvial fan sediments
Soil Horizon
Depth (cm)
A1
0-5
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; mixed weak platy and weak subangular blocky; friable; few roots; clear smooth boundary
B21
5-23
Light yellowish brown (10YR 6/4) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; common fine to medium roots; gradual smooth boundary
B22
23-64
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) fine sandy loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable; common fine to medium roots; clear smooth boundary
B23ca
64-81
Pale brown (10YR 6/3) silt loam, dark brown (10YR 4/3) moist; moderate subangular blocky; friable; common roots; clear smooth boundary
B3
81-107
Very pale brown (10YR 7/4) loam, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; weak subangular blocky; friable, few fine roots; gradual smooth boundary
C
107+
Very pale brown (10YR 7/3) sand, yellowish brown (10YR 5/4) moist; single grain; no roots